Prostaglandin

Prostaglandins PgE2 are ocytocin like molecules which can provoke or stimulate uterine contractions. These include dinoprostone and dinoprost. They are found naturally in seminal fluid and menstrual flow, amniotic fluid and the placenta.

How do the prostaglandins E2 work?

These substances are derived from unsaturated fatty acids. They are administered as a gel applied to the cervix or by injection and stimulate uterine motility at any time in pregnancy. They can also be used for termination of pregnancy (in therapeutic abortion). In addition, they increase the evacuation of the uterus in incomplete abortion. Finally they have vasoconstricting activity, reducing the calibre of blood vessels.

Do they have contraindications or precautions?

Administration of E2 can cause side-effects such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal pain, headaches or dizziness. These medicines are liable to produce an allergic reaction and hepatic or renal impairment. Finally, they have contraindications: glaucoma, asthma andhypertension.

Sources:

• Merck Manuel, 4^th edition ;
• Vidal, 2010 edition.