Conventional antipsychotics

The conventional antipsychotics or neuroleptics are used to treat some psychoses. They are available as tablets, oral solutions and injectable solutions with short or long lasting activity. The choice of medicine is made by the doctor depending on his/her wish to limit side effects, the route of administration and the patient's previous response to the medicine.

How do the conventional antipsychotics work?

The conventional antipsychotics block the dopamine 2 receptor. By inhibiting this receptor, they therefore reduce the effects of mental or physical stress. Dopamine 2 is a precursor neurotransmitter for adrenaline, a hormone secreted in response to a need for energy in the body. This applies, for example, in response to stress or danger or to prepare for physical activity.

Do they have contraindications or precautions?

The conventional antipsychotics can cause various side effects: sedation, "numbing" effect on the mind, dystonia, muscle hypertonia, tremor and weight gain. They can also cause tardive dyskinesia which involves involuntary movements.

Source:

• Source: Merck Manual, 4^th edition