Vagina

The vagina is part of the female reproductive system.

Functions of the vagina

The vagina is a tubular conduit which connects the uterus to the outside of the body. It has important reproductive functions. Firstly, it allows the penis to penetrate in sexual intercourse due to lubrication (secretion of vaginal lubrication) by the mucosae in the wall. It then allows the spermatozoa to access the uterus. Finally, it allows the baby to pass through during childbirth.

In addition, it allows menstrual blood and other vaginal secretions to flow.

Structure of the vagina

The vagina is a 10 to 12 centimetre long flexible tube, the walls of which are lined by a mucosa. However, it enlarges during sexual intercourse and childbirth.

The vagina contains a natural vaginal flora that is essential for its equilibrium. The vaginal flora is mainly composed of the Döderlein bacillus, which protects the vagina by competing with pathogenic micro-organisms. Although it is important to keep the vagina clean, aggressive vaginal washing which damages the natural flora should be avoided.